Machine learning and data science

Nowadays, everyone talks about machine learning and data science. So, what exactly is machine learning, anyway? How does it relate to data science? These two terms are commonly confused, as they often employ the same methods and overlap significantly. Therefore, let's first clarify what they are. Josh Wills tweeted this:

More specifically, data science encompasses the entire process of obtaining knowledge by integrating methods from statistics, computer science, and other fields to gain insight from data. In practice, data science encompasses an iterative process of data harvesting, cleaning, analysis, visualization, and deployment.

Machine learning, on the other hand, is mainly concerned with generic algorithms and techniques that are used in analysis and modelling phases of the data science process.